foliage

Hanging Baskets – the Squish Factor

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Nurseries are full of hanging baskets at this time of year, seemingly in every color and plant combination - except the one you want, right? How often have you found the perfect basket, wrestled it onto your cart then gone trundling around the nursery yet again trying to find a perfect match? Even if you find it you then have nothing short of army maneuvers trying to get two 3′ wide, super-trailing baskets into the back of your Prius….. Sound familiar?

The solution? Plant your own! You’ll save money and get exactly the colors and plants you want. You can coordinate your plant choices with anything from the trim on your house to the cushions on the patio chairs. Choose wild, zesty colors, an elegant green and white scheme or design with just foliage. It takes a little bit of time but the results are well worth it. Here’s how I do it.

 

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Basket selection

 

I prefer baskets where I can plant the sides as well as the top to achieve a really full look. That means using a wire frame with sufficiently large gaps between the struts that I can stuff plants in-between. If the spacing is very wide I might need to add a layer of chicken wire first to stop moss falling through.

 

Lining

 

Next comes the lining. There are several options here. The traditional method is to use sheet moss soaked in water, then starting at the base push this against the sides of the basket extending to 1″ above the rim. You are aiming for an even cover about 1” thick. This can be time consuming and messy as you have to patch up holes like a jigsaw puzzle as you go but it definitely gives the softer and more natural look which I like.
Pre-shaped liners are an alternative and these can be moss which is attached to a mesh making it easy to work with, or either coir or coco fiber which look like dead moss (i.e. brown)! It’s not my favorite option and is tough on the hands but I know that some folks like it, is more readily available and it lasts for several years.
Stuff fun plants into the basket sides [ this red and purple annual is called 'Tiny Mice'. Can you see why?

Stuff fun plants into the basket sides. This red and purple annual is called ‘Tiny Mice’. Can you see why?

 

Soil mix

 

Now get the planting mix ready. I combine 80% soil-less potting medium with 20% organic matter; either fine compost or a product such as Gardner & Bloome ‘Blue ribbon potting soil’. For every cubic foot of planting mix I add about 1 tablespoon of a granular slow release balanced fertilizer such as Osmocote.I don’t usually include moisture retention polymers as most of my clients have drip irrigation systems for their baskets so adequate watering is not a problem. However where hand watering is the only option it might be a good idea to add these. Experience leads me to suggest that you use just half the recommended amount, however, as I find they actually hold too much moisture and the soil can become overly saturated. In this situation plants such as coleus can rot.

Place the basket on top of an empty plant pot to raise it up to a good working height and keep it stable. If you have a ‘lazy Susan’ it helps to set this pot/basket combination on top to make turning easier.
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The squish factor!

Decide how many tiers of plants you are going to add to the sides. This will depend upon how high the basket is; one or two tiers is typical. Add enough soil to come just underneath where you want the lowest tier of plants to be. Gently make an opening in the lining either by pushing the moss to one side or cutting a hole in the liner. Using 2” sized plants (often called basket stuffers), remove them from their pots and wrap the roots in a little cling film or plastic to make sliding them easier. Gently push the plant roots through the hole, rest them on the soil surface and remove the cling film. Repeat as desired adding more soil to reach the next level, staggering the 2” plants on each tier to vary color and texture and allow for even coverage.

Now you are ready for the top. Start with an upright plant in the center then add other trailing and mounding 4” plants around the edges. If there is room squeeze a few extra 2” plants into this layer too. You’ll probably have to squish things in a bit, moving root balls around to find space for everybody. Aim to have a good thick layer of moss at the rim and finish the soil ½” below this.

 

Water the basket gently with a fine shower setting on the hose, being sure to completely saturate the sides as well as the top until water drips freely. Remember some of these roots systems are tiny and a long way down!
For clients I try to grow these on in my unheated greenhouse for a week or two before delivering and hanging them, but if the night temperatures are above 50’ then they can be hung outside straight away.
Lemon Slice million bells and Berry Luscious lantana make stunning partners

‘Lemon Slice’ million bells and ‘Berry Luscious’ lantana make stunning partners

Maintenance
The baskets will need watering every day unless it has rained heavily, and even twice a day in high summer. Adding a drip irrigation system is the easiest way to accomplish this but otherwise use a hose to saturate sides and top thoroughly. You will be well rewarded with visits from hummingbirds and compliments from neighbors!
How many plants do I need?
For a 16” diameter, 9” deep basket;
18 x 2” plants (3 each of 6 different varieties*),
6 x 4” plants for top layer,
1 x 4” upright plant for the center.
*You will use 6 x 2” plants on each of two side tiers and the final six on the top tier.
Favorite trailers and edgers plants for sun;
Lotus vine, silver falls (Dichondra), purple bell vine (Rhodochiton), million bells (Calibrachoa), verbena, fleabane ‘Profusion’(Erigeron) , trailing geraniums, fan flower (Scaevola), sweet potato vine (Ipomoea batatas), lantana, bacopa, Alyssum
Favorite upright plants for sun;
Dwarf varieties of New Zealand flax (Phormium) such as Jack Spratt, upright geraniums, Zagreb tickseed (Coreopsis), Gaura
Great combo for shade; 'Bonfire' begonia and 'Midnight Blue' Torenia

Great combo for shade; ‘Bonfire’ begonia and ‘Midnight Blue’ Torenia

Favorite trailers and edgers for part shade;
Black mondo grass, impatiens, cuphea, purple bell vine (Rhodochiton), Swedish ivy (Plectranthus ciliatus), purple heart (Setcreasea pallida), verbena, begonias, fuchsias, fan flower (Scaevola), wishbone flower (Torenia), sweet potato vine (Ipomoea batatas), asparagus fern, periwinkle (Vinca), ivy
Favorite upright plants for shade;
Coleus, ferns, taller Heuchera, Croton, orange hair sedge (Carex testacea), upright heliotrope
I avoid plants which need endless deadheading such as marguerite daisies (Argyranthemum) or African daisies (Osteospermum) and use million bells over trailing petunias as they perform better in our unpredictable summers. I also prefer zonal or fancy leafed geraniums rather than Martha geraniums as the latter do not give enough color.

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Epimediums with a Twist

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Golden yellow grasses (Hakonechloa macra ‘Aureola’) and variegated iris (Iris x robusta ‘Gerald Derby’) enhance the spring interest

I’m always looking for new ways to pair old favorites. I typically combine the heart shaped leaves of Bishop’s hat (Epimedium sp.) with lacy ferns and bold hostas for example. But a recent visit to the inspiring garden of Mitch Evans in Kirkland, WA showed me all sorts of exciting new possibilities to get me out of my design rut!

Play to ephemeral color

Play to ephemeral color

Enjoy the moment

Epimedium grandiflorum ’Lilafee’ has got the most beautiful purple-flushed foliage with lilac-purple flowers held daintily like dancing stars. Placing in front of Gerald Derby iris (Iris x robusta ‘Gerald Derby’) highlights the exciting purple flush of the iris foliage, most clearly visible in spring. Although both the flowers and iris foliage color are short term effects this inspired pairing shows the importance of planning for such special moments.

 

 

Consider shade loving conifers

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An unexpected combination with a conifer in part shade

Who would have thought of putting a conifer and Epimedium together? My mind immediately says its not possible since generally conifers need sun and Epimedium prefers shade. This is where knowing your plants comes in – and clearly Mitch does. The golden ‘Tom Thumb’ spruce (Picea orientalis ‘Tom Thumb’) will scorch in full sun and prefers dappled light making it a perfect companion to Epimedium x Amber Queen . I love the way the sunset colored flowers dance overhead like miniature Turk’s cap lilies almost teasing the conifer. After all aren’t Epimedium usually considered groundcovers yet here it is lauding it over its cowering partner!

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Smoky purple hellebores look even better with a hazy backdrop of Epimedium x Frohnleiten

Frohnleiten

 

Color echo and contrast

This pine-hellebore-Epimedum trio made me smile. The sunny yellow flowers of Epimedium x Frohnleiten, one of my personal favorites, always brightens a spring day. The dark, sultry flowers of the hellebore echo the deeper tones of the Epimedium foliage while the pine casts enough shade for both to thrive, adding a fresh green to the color palette as well as a softer texture.

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Your challenge question!

So what would you combine this ruby leafed beauty (an  Epimedium hybrid) with?

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A combination worth getting down on your hands and knees for!

 

 

 

What about a finely textured red leafed maple and buttery-yellow primroses?

 

Wherever I looked in Mitch’s garden there were carefully painted vignettes; special garden moments waiting to be discovered.

 

I for one will be referring to these images time and again when I need a dose of fresh design inspiration.

Ready to go shopping?

My sincere thanks to Mitch for letting me ‘ooh’ and ‘aah’ in his garden

 

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The Emerging Garden

Hosta 'Sagae' is one of the first to leaf out in my garden, its golden variegation a welcome splash of light in the shade garden

Hosta ‘Sagae’ is one of the first to leaf out in my garden, its golden variegation a welcome splash of light in the shade garden

It’s been 3 1/2 years since we moved into our mosquito-ridden swamp. Of course we didn’t know that’s what it was when we first saw this 5 acre property in July of 2009 – that realization came as we squelched our way from house to barn and back in ankle deep water all winter, and swatted and swiped endless man-eating bugs all summer. Let’s just say it was a little disheartening.

Today we can really see that the garden is taking shape. Drainage has been tackled, mosquitoes outwitted (the deer are another story), invasive weeds got under control or eradicated and finally we have something that says we live here. Driving down our gravel road, I turn the final corner and I can’t help but smile. I’m home.

The arakawa maple is one of the first to fully leaf out. This started as a 5g plant in a container garden 6 years ago. It moved house with us and is now almost 9' tall and wide. Love it.

The arakawa maple is one of the first to fully leaf out. This started as a 5g plant in a container garden 6 years ago. It moved house with us and is now almost 10′ tall and wide. Love it.

Yet I hesitate to show you photos of our garden this early in the season. It’s so much nicer/better/fuller in July. But there again September it glorious. Or even October with all the fall colors. But April? The daffodils are coming to the end of their bloom time and the rhododendrons are still tightly in bud. Is there anything worth showing you?

We have an abundance of ferns in the shadier parts of the garden. Watching them slowly unfurl is surely a spring highlight?

We have an abundance of ferns in the shadier parts of the garden. Watching them slowly unfurl is surely a spring highlight?

That was the challenge I set myself as I grabbed my camera and thick jacket this afternoon. To find something that was happening in the garden right now that you might enjoy with me.

My purple ghost maple was a bargain find! Love the emerging foliage and berry cluster -like flowers

My purple ghost maple was a bargain find! Love the emerging foliage and berry-like flowers

 

In fact taking the time to stroll rather than rush, and making the effort to look rather than glance revealed a myriad of fresh new growth throughout the garden. Maple trees are unfurling their pleated leaves, ferns are stretching their impossibly tight coils. Fresh fuzzy growth on conifers promises an extra few inches this year. Hostas are pushing up their purple pointed buds and opening wide to reveal glorious foliage in shades of blue, green and gold (assuming the slugs don’t get in there first in  which case I’ll have not-so-pretty lacy foliage).

 

My rescued 'Frank' Austrian pine is doing well in his new home.

My rescued ‘Frank’ Austrian pine is doing well in his new home.

 

 

Of course there are plenty of things in bloom too – bugleweed (Ajuga repens), bleeding heart (Dicentra spectabilis), lungwort (Pulmonaria) and fragrant viburnum are just a few examples. But today was about seeking out hope; the promise of an abundant garden. Looking for things  in the garden which are just emerging – their time in the spotlight still to come.

Welcome to my garden.

Welcome to my garden.

 

 

 

As the garden awakens from its winter hibernation, so our garden dreams are also slowly coming to life.

Our garden is finally emerging.

 

 

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Join in the Foliage Fest! (& giveaway)

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The past couple of weeks have been a true whirlwind since my book FINE FOLIAGE, co-authored with Christina Salwitz was launched at the 2013 Northwest Flower and Garden Show, Seattle.

My first talk at the show – a demonstration style seminar called ‘Spotlight on Foliage’ was standing room only and by the end of that afternoon the University Bookstore had sold out of our book. Thankfully Christina and I had ordered plenty for ourselves so were able to loan them enough to get them through the rest of the show. Tough problem to have, right?!

Since then the books have been selling nationwide (and thanks to my Mum also in England) with great reviews on both sides of The Pond! Both Christina and I have received lovely emails from total strangers who have purchased Fine Foliage and wanted to say how much they are enjoying it and to thank us for the inspiration we have given them.

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So what’s so special about it? Here’s what others are saying;

“Fine Foliage is a visual treat that will inspire you with dazzling combinations for containers and gardens. Karen Chapman and Christina Salwitz explain why each combination works – bringing artistic design within easy reach of all gardeners. A great user-friendly resource.”

Debra Prinzing, author of The 50 Mile Bouquet and Slow Flowers

Garden lovers, you now have the secret for creating the landscapes of your dreams – the ones you see in magazines and wonder “how do those designers DO THAT?”. Christina Salwitz and Karen Chapman show you how to look beyond the flowers and introduce you to the real stars of the horticultural world – LEAVES! Foliage is more than that green stuff around the flowers, it is what divides a good garden from an incredible one, and now you have a guide for how to use its power!

-Ivette Soler, Garden designer and author of “The Edible Front Yard

“The photos in this book are both breathtaking and inspiring…” Barb S., Seattle

“I highly recommend this book for all gardeners and garden lovers…” Suzanne K., Redmond

Read our Amazon reviews

FF Jewel Box

As winter transitions to spring we seem to naturally gravitate to the local nurseries and garden centers, filling our carts with all that is fragrant and flowery. Yet a few weeks from now those impulse buys won’t look quite so impressive if you haven’t paid careful attention to using foliage as the backbone of your combinations.

The solution? Take a copy of Fine Foliage to the nursery with you – it will fit nicely into your purse (UK translation = handbag). Being a high quality hardback it will withstand the rigors of many such trips! Use it as a springboard for new ideas, ask the nursery staff to help you find your favorites or use it as a reference against which to test those flowers you are drawn to!

For example the gorgeous purple and deep red pasque flowers (Pulsatilla sp.) that are in bloom right now would look so pretty with a tricolor sage. Or maybe add a froth of lemon thyme to those dwarf daffodils? Back that up with some blue grasses and a dwarf golden conifer and you have the makings of a great container!

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ENTER TO WIN A FREE COPY!

What do I win?
One signed copy of Fine Foliage
Where?
On our blog www.fine-foliage.com 
When?
Right now!! Drawing will take place at midnight Saturday March 16th PST and the book mailed out first thing Monday.
What do I do to enter?
Head over to www.fine-foliage.com and follow the link to sign up for our blog. It’s that easy! Everyone that is registered will be entered into a random drawing. The winner will be notified by email within 24 hours and the winners name will also be posted on the blog itself.

CONGRATULATIONS TO OUR WINNER shariwick165@gmail.com! You have seen sent an email – please let us have your mailing address and Fine Foliage will be on its way!

Didn’t win? Never mind;

Signed copies can be ordered here using credit card or PayPal




Also available at bookstores, nurseries and online.

Share the love of gardening with your friends and family. Fine Foliage would make a beautiful gift for any occasion; new home, birthday, anniversary….and Mother’s Day is just around the corner on May 12th.

final book cover

Both Christina and I are also available to give presentations at your garden clubs, nurseries or other event to celebrate Fine Foliage . You will find us listed on the Great Garden Speakers website; read reviews of our previous talks and get more details of what we offer.

Do tell me which is your favorite combination from the book and share your own ideas for great foliage.

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Top 10 Healthy Heuchera

 

As delicious as a summer dessert ' Sugar Berry' is a sweet treat for any garden

As delicious as a summer dessert ‘ Sugar Berry’ is a sweet treat for any garden

In the gardener’s world there are two mortal enemies – deer and disease.  Or at least they are mine – if I ignore my parsnip-munching voles, Amazon-sized mosquitoes and steroidal slugs.

When my show stopping Heuchera (coral bells) were cut down in their prime by rust, a fungal infection, it was almost enough to make me hang up my trowel. Rust causes nasty raised, purple bumps on the undersides of the leaves which spreads rapidly and can quickly destroy the plant. Although not seen in drier parts of the country it is a major problem here in the Pacific Northwest.

Rust can be detected by raised pustules on the undersides of the leaves and sunken areas above. Photo credit Maryna Sedani, PNW Plant Disease Management Handbook

Rust can be detected by raised pustules on the undersides of the leaves and sunken areas above. Photo credit; Maryna Sedani, PNW Plant Disease Management Handbook

Having tossed far too many of these pricey treasures into the yard waste (NEVER compost diseased plants) I asked Dan Heims, president of Terra Nova Nurseries, Inc.  for some ideas on what I could do to save those that I have and ask about the new disease resistant hybrids his nursery is breeding.

As a breeding company, Terra Nova Nurseries, Inc. is the leading innovator for new Heuchera and Heucherella introductions. It can take seven years of breeding and another three of testing to have a breakthrough but that dedication is what ensures that their plants are strong and healthy.

Mahogany in its summer glory

Mahogany in its summer glory

 

 

 

So what exactly is rust and what can we do to prevent it?

It is a fungal disease that usually travels on the plant itself or is airborne. In our soggy Seattle climate we provide the perfect conditions for it to thrive so the key to control is managing the environment.

 

Dan’s tips for healthy Heuchera

  1. Water in the early morning so foliage can dry
  2. Use drip irrigation rather than overhead sprinklers
  3. Space plants so as to allow for good air circulation
  4. Do not plant new Heuchera where diseased ones have been grown
  5. Remove diseased Heuchera immediately and dispose of in the yard waste (do not compost)
  6. The organic fungicide ‘Serenade’ may help prevent rust. (My personal experience has been that if you cut a mildly infected plant down hard and spray every two weeks (or as allowed on the label) until it is fully re-grown you have a reasonable chance of success; I may have been too hasty in disposing of a few).
Paris - as elegant as its name

Paris – as elegant as its name

Why are some Heuchera more susceptible than others?

The key word here is genetics or “it’s all the parents fault”. Now I did ask Dan to elaborate and share which species he was focusing on as showing the most promising disease resistant traits. His answer?

“I could tell you, but I’d have to kill you…Nothing personal…   ”

Great.

What he was able to tell me was that the breeders noticed that the lighter colored Heuchera were particularly susceptible, so they were selecting for thicker leaves. They were also committed to evaluating potential introductions under multiple conditions over many years and anything that showed signs of rust was eliminated. In other words he wasn’t giving much away but that’s OK, especially when you read about some of  these success stories.

Breeder’s top 5 (or 6, or 10)

Spellbound lives up to my expectations with  truly captivating foliage year round. Photo and design credit; Le jardinet

Spellbound lives up to my expectations with truly captivating foliage year round. Photo and design credit; Le jardinet

Spellbound – you’ve heard me salivate over this beauty before. Shimmery shades of purple and silver on impossibly oversized leaves. Mine looks as magical now as it did in fall and has made a loose mound approx. 18” across. Fabulous in my orange container!

Blondie – this one is on my wish list for sure. Part of the ‘Little Cutie’ series, Blondie is just 8” wide but is a flowering powerhouse pushing out oodles of creamy-yellow spikes. Foliage color is in the caramel family. A good choice for containers

Sugar Berry – from hot raspberry to deepest blackberry, this one is positively delicious. Also part of the Little Cutie series this tops out at 6” tall and 10” wide with short, fat spikes of white flowers

Fireworks – ruffled bronze foliage on a mid-sized plant with plenty of soft colored flowers

Blondie - makes me think of a gingersnap cookie!

Blondie – makes me think of a gingersnap cookie!

Mahogany – this promises to be a good alternative to my beloved ‘Peach Flambé’ which succumbed to both deer AND disease last year! The foliage looks like burnished copper-colored leather and transitions through shades of red and orange as the season progresses. I’d love to see this with some bright lime green

Paris – another one that is high on my wish list, I love the silver veining on this green foliage and those hot pink flowers are just plain FUN. A mid-sized, compact plant at 14” wide.

Other favorites; Obsidian, Sugar Plum, Root Beer, Ebony and Ivory.

All are hardy in zones 4-9, evergreen and do best if allowed to dry slightly between watering. Hummingbirds love them!

Where can we buy them?

They are widely available at both  nurseries and online retailers; Terra Nova Nurseries, Inc. has provided these links to help you find your favorites.

Deep chocolaty tones of Mahogany

What can we look forward to in the future?

Terra Nova Nurseries, Inc. is breeding some fabulous new Heucherella (foamy bells) which are rust resistant (yes you did read that correctly; all Heucherella are rust resistant for reasons which they undoubtedly know but will once again put my life in jeopardy if I ask) as well as continuing their Heuchera breeding program selecting plants which are healthy, have great foliage color and are vigorous.

They also have an exciting collection of heat-tolerant Heuchera , seeking out those with H. villosa in their parentage (apparently I was allowed to know that tidbit without death threats). Look for those with Southern sounding names as a clue e.g. Midnight Bayou, Southern Comfort and Georgia Peach.

And finally…

Be sure to check out their website at www.terranovanurseries.com to get more tips and ideas as well as to drool over their luscious photographs.

And of course you are invited to ‘like’ their Facebook page

In the absence of a LOVE button, like will have to do.

 

My sincere thanks to Dan Heims (aka Mr. Heuchera) and the Terra Nova Breeding Team for finding time to answer my barrage of questions. Dan refers to himself as the ‘man on the road’  – I mainly see him at airports.

All photos courtesy of Terra Nova Nurseries, Inc. except where noted

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Skinny Conifers for Tight Spaces

The columnar habit of this Japanese plum yew (front right) does not obstruct entry into this small courtyard.

The columnar habit of this Japanese plum yew (front right) does not obstruct entry into this small courtyard.

Narrow side gardens are the reality for many suburban homes but die hard gardeners don’t need to sacrifice height and beauty just because their footprint is small. Look for trees, shrubs  and perennials that have a columnar shape without growing too wide. Even in larger gardens there is a need for ‘punctuation’ points and these skinny but interesting conifers might be just the answer (and the perfect excuse to visit the nursery).

'The huggable 'Wissel's Saguaro' false cypress

‘The huggable ‘Wissel’s Saguaro’ false cypress doesn’t block a path

 

Wissel’s Saguaro’ false cypress (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana ‘Wissel’s Saguaro’) is a conifer with attitude! Blue-green ‘arms’ beg for a hug and it certainly deserves a little extra love for the way it adds structure, height, color and living sculpture to the narrowest of spaces. Enjoy a young plant in a container for a few years before transplanting it to a well-drained spot in the garden. In full sun it will grow~ 8′  in 10 years with an ultimate height of 18-20′ but just 2′ wide. Hardy in zones 6-8

 

 

 

'Blue Arrow' juniper. Photo credit; Monrovia

‘Blue Arrow’ juniper. Photo credit; Monrovia

Blue Arrow’ juniper (Juniperus virginiana ‘Blue Arrow’).  The dusky blue shade of this juniper makes it a colorful, evergreen addition to any garden – perfect for narrow screens or as garden accents. Use it where you’d love an Italian cypress but don’t have the climate. It grows to 12-15’ tall and 2’wide (although truthfully I’ve seen specimens a little wider than 3’). Deer resistant  and drought tolerant once established, this is hardy in zones 4-9.

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‘Empire’ false cypress has a subtle yellow variegation

 

Empire’ false cypress,  (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana ‘Empire’). A dwarf, columnar  conifer with a subtle yellow variegation; a beauty in containers or rock gardens. Typical height is just 4’ tall and 18” wide. Prefers full sun and is hardy in zones 4-9

'Snow White' Port Orchard cedar has white spring growth which matures to blue green (Left on photo)

‘Snow White’ Port Orchard cedar has white spring growth which matures to blue green (Left on photo)

 ‘Snow White’ Port Orchard cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana ‘Snow White’) has a natural teardrop shape with soft blue-green foliage which still retains a whisper of the creamy white spring growth in fall! This species is particularly susceptible to root rot and the fungus Phytophthora  if not in well-drained soil so look for those grafted onto disease resistant root stock e.g. Monrovia’s Guardian series. ‘Snow White’ grows to 6’ tall and 18” wide in 10 years, loves full sun and is hardy in zones 6-9

Thuja DeGroot's Spire arborvitae. Photo credit; Longfellow Garden Center

DeGroot’s Spire arborvitae. Photo credit; Longfellow Garden Center

 

 

‘DeGroot’s Spire’ arborvitae (Thuja occidentalis ‘DeGroot’s Spire) is an improvement on the typical arborvitae of the ‘landscaper’s special’ variety. The rich dark green foliage takes on a purple cast in winter and has nicely twisted foliage which will tolerate light shearing making it a good hedging plant. It copes with wet soils, will grow in part shade or full sun and grows slowly to 20’ tall and 4’ wide. Cold hardy to zone 3 and happy to zone 8.

Columnar Scotch pine

Columnar Scotch pine adds a columnar focal point in a small garden

Columnar Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris ‘Fastigiata’) is a narrow form of the beautifully soft and fluffy Scotch pine. The twisted blue green needles make a beautiful backdrop for shades of silver or purple leaved plants. This is hardy in zones  3-7 (possibly zone 2) where it will grow 25-30’ tall but just 6-8’ wide (the species is 25-30’ wide). Part or full sun.

Japanese plum yew looks fabulous in a container

Japanese plum yew looks fabulous in a container

Columnar Japanese plum yew (Cephalotaxus harringtonia ‘Fastigiata’) is one of the few conifers which thrives in part or even full shade. Its dark blue-green needles are longer that yew (Taxus sp.). I use it in shady containers where it slowly grows to about 4’ tall and 18” wide. In the landscape it is more likely to be 6’ tall and up to 4’ wide.. Hardy in zones 6-9

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Short, Plump & Juicy – meet the BrazelBerries!

Is your mouth watering yet? 'Raspberry Shortcake' debuts this spring

You’ve heard the saying “good things come in small packages”? Well this collection of pint-sized berry BrazelBerries seem sure to prove the point! I have all three tucked safely inside my vegetable garden (to thwart the deer) and can’t wait to snack on these treats in summer.

'Raspberry Shortcake' will fill out a large container with bowlfuls of delicious fruit

BrazelBerries ‘Raspberry Shortcake’. I like raspberries – a lot, so this really caught my eye. What makes it unique? It’s thornless, doesn’t require staking and forms an attractive mounding plant 2-3’ tall and wide. When was the last time you heard a raspberry plant described as attractive? And just look at that foliage! In Oregon the growers have  found that the summer foliage takes on a wild technicolor look with red tints. They’re not sure yet if this will be a universal feature – hope so! This would be perfect in a large patio container where you can snack from the comfort of a chair. The super-sweet, medium sized fruit is borne mid-summer.

More than just a tasty fruit - 'Raspberry Shortcake'

 

 

Culture

Full sun. Fruits on new canes. Hardy in zones 5-9

 

Spring foliage and bloom of 'Peach Sorbet' blueberry - a beautiful shrub even if it never bore fruit!

 

 

BrazelBerries ‘Peach Sorbet’. No it’s not a peach tree. This is actually a ‘peach of a blueberry’ and like all blueberries is a true four season star in the garden. This compact, mounding bush starts the year with vibrant new foliage in shades of pinky-peach moving through orange and emerald. White spring flowers are followed by yummy fat fruit. ‘Peach Sorbet’ is evergreen in most climates but the leaves turn to a rich purple as temperatures drop. My kind of foliage! Great patio or hedging plant at just 2’ tall and wide

The stunning winter foliage on 'Peach Sorbet' blueberry. WOW

 

 

 

 

 

Culture

Full sun. Acidic soil.  Fruits on new canes. Hardy in zones 5-10.

 

A perfect size for a patio container, 'Jelly Bean' blueberry

 

 

 

BrazelBerries ‘Jelly Bean’. Described by the growers as “a charming little puffball of a blueberry”, how could I resist?! The bush may only be 1-2’ tall and wide but promises to yield a bumper crop of large, flavorful blueberries mid-summer. All blueberries have fabulous foliage and this one is no exception. Brilliant green new growth becomes darker and infused with red as the season progresses. This could be a delightful and delicious alternative to a dwarf boxwood hedge around a herb garden  but is also ideal for a pot.

'Jelly Bean' is attractive in spring too.

Culture

Full sun, acidic soil. Fruits on new canes. Hardy in zones 4-8

Monrovia has been selected as one of the exclusive growers for the BrazelBerries so you know these are going to be high quality. They will debut in independent garden centers this spring and are also available by mail order from White Flower Farm now

Join me for a summer berry-fest!

All photo courtesy of BrazelBerries

 

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A New Leaf

How can you resist such temptation? Why even try! Photo credit; Terra Nova Nurseries

 

Forget the resolutions to eat less and exercise more. Good ideas but hardly enough to get excited about. Now if we’re talking finding the hottest plants for 2013 THEN I get excited, especially if we’re talking great foliage.

Here are some of the best new leafy introductions to watch out for and there’s not a single calorie to worry about.

Yes the flowers are zingy but look at those leaves on 'Sparks Will Fly' begonia! Photo credit; Ball Horticultural

 

Begonia ‘Sparks will fly’

Now if this beauty had a flavor it would be rich bittersweet chocolate with hints of zesty orange  (can you gain weight if you just think about chocolate?) Those lickalicious deep blackish-green leaves set off firecracker flowers perfectly. Imagine this in a bright blue container. Not for the faint of heart but definitely top of my wish list for  shady spot this summer. Yum.

Wake up your containers with 'Sunrise Falls' trailing Heucherella. Photo credit; Terra Nova Nurseries

 

Heucherella ‘Sunrise Falls’

Does the world need any more Heucherella (or Heuchera come to that)? Well apparently we do because propagators like Terra Nova Nurseries keep growing them and we keep buying them ! So what has caught my eye this time? Sunrise Falls. Is that a yawn I hear? Well wake up because this is a trailing variety. I’ve used Redstone Falls and Yellowstone Falls in containers for the last two years and clients love them yet they can languish in the nurseries simply because their star status is unrealized. Plant these at the edge of a container and the large maple shaped leaves will tumble downwards for 2’ or so adding a bright splash of gold to a shady spot. Each leaf has dark red veins and  takes on burgundy tints in colder weather. Hardy in zones 4-9

Compact and curly, this new Leucothoe is on my wish list. Photo credit; www.thepottedgarden.co.uk

 

Leucothoe ‘Curly Red’. (Leucothoe axillaris)

I’ll let you into a secret. The coolest plants don’t even make it into the nursery. Seriously. When deliveries arrive you may notice the conspicuous absence of nursery staff. That isn’t because they all rush out to help the driver unload out of thoughtfulness. Oh no. They all want to see what goodies have just arrived and anything really new and unusual gets snagged before you even know it’s there! How do I know this? I’ve worked in a nursery. And this was why when I saw this new leucothoe in a container I was told they were  ‘sold out’. Yeah right. So go and hunt down this one, currently available from Monrovia. The twisted leathery leaves open orange-red and mature to dark green before turning purple-red in fall. Evergreen, deer resistant, great for the garden or pots and white spring flowers.  See why they were ‘sold out’? Part sun/part shade and hardy in zones 6-9.

Doubly fabulous - a great new Solomon's seal. Photo credit; Terra Nova Nurseries

 

Solomon’s seal ‘Double Stuff’ (Polygonatum odoratum)

It can be dangerous driving with a plant geek. Cars can make abrupt turns or screech to a halt at the merest hint of a nursery. Walking isn’t much better. One minute you’re chatting away to your friend and the next you realize you are completely alone. Your companion has disappeared like Alice down the rabbit hole but in this case they are likely to be found on hands and knees peering at something leafy. Beware shady encounters with Double Stuff – it will grab your attention like a giant bar of Toblerone. At 2′ tall at least you can stay standing up to appreciate this fabulous new foliage plant. Its cousin – the regular variegated Solomon’s seal, pales in comparison with this bold form. Arching red stems hold pairs of green and white variegated leaves joined in spring by dangling white bells. This perennial thrives in moist woodland locations where it will slowly spread by rhizomes. Hardy in zones 3-8

Check out the blog at www.fine-foliage.com

If you’d like to join me in a healthy diet of low calorie leaves this year I have good news for you. Starting today you can enjoy a new blog; Fine Foliage! Yes this is the companion blog to my new book, coauthored with Christina Salwitz. Consider it an appetizer. We’ll post a new recipe each week to inspire you to put foliage together in new ways. Tempted?

Meet you at the buffet table; www.fine-foliage.com

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Winter’s Blush

Sometimes it's the flowers that blush - 'Edward Goucher' abelia

Rosy cheeks (and noses) are as much a part of winter as woolly scarves and mittens, but do you realize how many shrubs also take on a winter blush?

A stroll around my garden this morning made me appreciate anew that the garden is never really dormant – there is always something new to discover.

Here are just a few of the broadleaf shrubs showing their softer side this season.

Leucothoe 'Rainbow' turns a vibrant scarlet in winter

Leucothoe ‘Rainbow’ is a colorful shrub at any time of year. The arching evergreen foliage is splashed haphazardly with shades of yellow, red and green but in winter deep scarlet  is dominant. This is a show stopper for the shade garden, looking equally impressive tumbling over the side of a container. This shrub will form a mound 3-5′ tall and wide but can be trimmed as needed. Hardy in zones 5-9

'Little Heath' andromeda adds pink tints to its pretty variegated foliage as the temperatures drop

Lily of the valley shrub, also known as andromeda (Pieris japonica) is a popular evergreen shrub for a woodland garden. The variegated forms are especially attractive and all are known for their fragrant spring flowers and new growth which is typically a bright salmon pink. One of my favorites is the dwarf  ’Little Heath’ which I use in both landscape and container garden design. These eventually reach 3′ x 3′. In colder weather it blushes like a little schoolgirl! Hardy in zones 5-9

Warm russet shades on this 'Hino Crimson' azalea add color to the winter garden

Evergreen Azaleas. Oh what plant snobs we can be! Certainly the cultivar ‘Hino Crimson’ is a landscapers standby, seen in almost every commercial and residential planting and bringing a blast of shocking hot pink to spring gardens everywhere. Yet that doesn’t mean it is boring – far from it! At this time of year the foliage has turned from deep green to rich rust tones. This foliage makes a colorful addition to flower arrangements and holiday wreaths. ‘Hino Crimson’ grows slowly to 3′ x 3′ and is hardy in zones 6-9

The normally pristine white variegation of weigela 'Magical Fantasy' is edged with a soft pink glow

Weigela ‘Magical Fantasy’ is in seasonal denial! All the other cultivars have long since dropped their leaves, standing naked amid a carpet of soggy foliage. Yet ‘Magical Fantasy’ is not only still partially clothed, it has taken on this glorious rosy hue, transforming the pure white variegation into something altogether – well magical! A recent introduction from Monrovia, this selection is said to grow to 3-4′ tall and wide and be hardy in zones 4-8. Click here to see how it looked in summer – breathtaking.

Several perennials and conifers in my garden have also changed color as the days have got shorter and the temperatures colder. A stroll for another day perhaps.

 

 

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The Winter Garden – a berry bounty

Big fat clusters of berries adorn the branches of Parney cotoneaster - a favorite February treat for robins

A winter garden doesn’t just ‘happen’, it takes planning. Most of us visit nurseries earlier in the year when we are seduced into buying ephemeral spring beauties, colorful summer perennials and fall foliage. It takes serious restraint to look beyond those and seek plants that offer great bark, interesting silhouettes, winter flowers and bright berries.

As I strolled around our garden recently on a bright but chilly day I was pleasantly surprised to discover I had in fact put into practice what I encourage others to do! In every part of the garden from the woodland to wilder open spaces there were interesting vignettes with clusters of juicy berries adding seasonal decoration.

Come and walk around the garden with me and I’ll show you a few which are adding jewel like color to our winter garden.

Parney cotoneaster can become a large shrub - give it room to spread

Parney cotoneaster (Cotoneaster lacteus) is a fabulous evergreen shrub for full sun or partial shade. (It will need partial shade in hotter climates).  Its long arching branches are dripping with clusters of vivid red fruit- although they would be a little more heavily laden if the deer hadn’t nibbled some of the spring flowers… Come February they will attract flocks of robins to feast on the bounty. The foliage itself is dark green with felted, silvery undersides which catches the light when branches are brushed by a breeze. Give this room to spread to 10’ tall and 8’ wide to enjoy its full beauty although it can be pruned to keep smaller. Zones 6-10b

A PNW native, red chokeberry makes a dazzling fall and winter display with vibrant foliage and red berries

Red chokeberry (Aronia arbutifolia). When we purchased this property in late October 2009 this 6’ tall native shrub was displaying its fiery crimson foliage, almost hiding the red berries. It is planted in partial shade where it is happily spreading by suckers to form a thicket arching over the stream. At this time of year when seen from the house it is framed by an archway of golden foliage from the pear trees. Chokeberry gets its name from  the observation that birds avoid this bitter fruit, which suits me fine as I get to enjoy the winter color! Plant it in constantly moist or wet soil in sun or partial shade where it has room to spread, although it is not difficult to remove unwanted canes. It does have somewhat of an unkempt habit so I would recommend this as a background shrub or in a transitional space between the garden and wilder lands beyond – but be sure to site it where you can see it during the winter.

'Eichholz' cotoneaster has stiff woody stems and evergreen foliage - masses of berries are a bonus

Eichholz cotoneaster (Cotoneaster dammeri ‘Eichholz’). Our stream is fed by three seasonal water sources – a natural aquifer which bubbles up from the stream bed, a neighboring seasonal pond and a pipe which drains water from an area of our garden. This pipe is at the bottom of a 4’ deep French drain so that as much water as possible percolates down and leaches into the surrounding soil – what reaches the pipe is in excess of that saturation point. I needed something to hide the pipe at the head of the stream and chose this evergreen shrub whose stiff woody branches will spread laterally to form an 8’ wide weed suppressing groundcover. At this time of year it is a mass of scarlet berries which add another layer of interest. This likes moisture retentive but well-drained soil in full sun and is hardy in zones 5-8

Chartreuse foliage of this snowberry is eye catching from spring to late fall and makes a great contrast to the hot pink berries

I can never resist something new especially if it has fabulous foliage, which is why ‘Blade of Sun’ snowberry (Symphoricarpos chenaultii ‘Blade of Sun’) leapt into my arms on a summer visit to a nursery! Low spreading branches of chartreuse foliage have been a wonderful addition to our woodland garden and it has been remarkably tolerant of abuse. Although the stream bank where I planted it does not completely dry out, I only watered it two or three times  between July and October and it has been fine. It promises to have lots of pink/purple berries in winter and although there are only a scattered few this year I’m optimistic that next year will be more abundant. This is a deciduous shrub yet the foliage is still persisting even after several frosts. It prefers dappled shade where it will grow to 12-18” tall and 2’ wide. Zones 4-9

As leaves fall from barberries the twiggy structure and elongated berries are revealed

There are several other berry bearing perennials  and shrubs in our  garden – Red Beauty’ holly (Ilex x ‘Rutzan’), honeysuckle, Pernettya (Pernettya mucronata), barberries (Berberis cv), wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens), black mondo grass (Ophiopogon planiscapus ‘Nigrescens’), and ‘Coral Beauty ‘ cotoneaster (Cotoneaster dammeri) – enough for both the wildlife and ourselves to enjoy. The latter three are fabulous additions to container gardens also.

Others shrubs you might enjoy;

Beautyberry (Callicarpa sp) – purple

Snowberry (Symphoricarpos sp.) – white or pink

Other hollies (Ilex sp) – red, orange or yellow

Firethorn (Pyracantha sp.) – red, orange or yellow

Viburnum species – red, black or blue

Heavenly bamboo (Nandina domestica)

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